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B) The Indian Subcontinent: A Rich Tapestry of History, Culture, and Diversity The Indian Subcontinent, a region defined by its rich historical legacy, diverse cultures, and vibrant traditions, remains one of the most fascinating and dynamic regions in the world. Spanning over 1.3 million square kilometers, this area includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, the Maldives, and parts of Afghanistan, forming a unique melting pot of languages, religions, cuisines, and artistic expressions. ### Geographical Significance Geographically, the Indian Subcontinent is surrounded by the Himalayas to the north, the Arabian Sea to the west, and the Bay of Bengal to the east. This natural fortification has historically allowed the region to develop a distinct cultural identity while remaining a hub for trade, migration, and cultural exchange. The fertile plains of the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra river systems have sustained civilizations for millennia, shaping the agrarian and spiritual roots of millions.